Mu ndondomeko ya ntchito injini, ngati kuthamanga kwa mafuta ndi otsika kuposa 0.2Mpa kapena ndi kusintha liwiro injini ndi mkulu ndi otsika, kapena ngakhale mwadzidzidzi anagwera ziro, pa nthawi ino ayenera kusiya nthawi yomweyo kupeza chifukwa, kuthetsa mavuto pamaso kupitiriza. ntchito, apo ayi zidzatsogolera kuwotcha matailosi, silinda ndi ngozi zina zazikulu.
Choncho, pogwiritsira ntchito injini, tiyenera kusamala kwambiri ndi mphamvu ya mafuta.
Tsopano zifukwa zazikulu zochepetsera kuthamanga kwamafuta ndi mayankho akufotokozedwa motere:
1. Mafuta osakwanira: ngati mafuta osakwanira, amachepetsa kuchuluka kwa mafuta mu pompu yamafuta kapena mpope popanda mafuta chifukwa cha mpweya, zomwe zimapangitsa kutsika kwa mafuta, crankshaft ndi bearing, cylinder liner ndi piston zidzawonjezedwa ndi osauka. mafuta ndi kuvala.
Mulingo wamafuta mu poto wamafuta uyenera kuyang'aniridwa musanayambe kusintha kulikonse kuti muwonetsetse kuchuluka kwamafuta okwanira.
2. Ngati kutentha kwa injini kuli kokwera kwambiri, kukula kwa makina oziziritsira injini ndizovuta kwambiri, ntchitoyo ndi yosauka kapena injini yadzaza kwa nthawi yayitali, kapena nthawi yoperekera mafuta pampopu yojambulira mafuta yachedwa kwambiri, zidzatero. amachititsa kuti thupi liwonjezeke, zomwe sizimangowonjezera ukalamba ndi kuwonongeka kwa mafuta, komanso zimapangitsa kuti mafuta asungunuke mosavuta, zomwe zimabweretsa kutaya kwakukulu kwa kupanikizika kwa mafuta kuchokera pachilolezo.
Sikelo iyenera kuchotsedwa mu payipi ya dongosolo yozizira;
Sinthani nthawi yoperekera mafuta;
Sungani injini ikugwira ntchito pazomwe idavotera.
3. Pampu yamafuta imasiya kuthamanga: ngati pini yokhazikika ya galimoto yoyendetsa galimoto ndi shaft yoyendetsa pampu ya mafuta imadulidwa kapena fungulo la mating likugwa;
Ndipo pampu yamafuta imakoka thupi lakunja lidzapopa zida zamafuta zomata.Zimapangitsa kuti pampu yamafuta asiye kuyenda, kuthamanga kwamafuta kudzatsikiranso zero.Mapini owonongeka kapena makiyi ayenera kusinthidwa;
Sefayi iyenera kuyikidwa pa doko loyamwa la pampu yamafuta.
4, kutulutsa kwamafuta a pampu yamafuta sikokwanira: pomwe chilolezo pakati pa pampu yamafuta ndi tchire, chilolezo pakati pa giya kumapeto kwa nkhope ndi chivundikiro cha mpope, chilolezo cha mbali ya dzino kapena chilolezo cha radial chimaposa chovomerezeka. kufunika chifukwa cha kuvala, kumabweretsa kuchepa kwa mafuta a pampu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuchepa kwa mphamvu ya mafuta.
Zigawo zosalolera ziyenera kusinthidwa munthawi yake;
Pogaya pamwamba pa mpope chivundikiro kubwezeretsa chilolezo ndi giya mapeto nkhope 0.07-0.27mm.
5. Crankshaft ndi kubera fit clearance ndi yayikulu kwambiri: injini ikagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali, crankshaft ndi ndodo yolumikizira yomwe imanyamula chilolezo imawonjezeka pang'onopang'ono, kotero kuti mphero yamafuta simapangidwa, komanso kuthamanga kwamafuta kumachepa.
Zimatsimikiziridwa kuti pamene kusiyana ukuwonjezeka ndi 0.01mm, kuthamanga kwa mafuta kudzachepa ndi 0.01Mpa.
Crankshaft imatha kupukutidwa ndipo ndodo yolumikizira ya kukula kofananira imatha kusankhidwa kuti ibwezeretse chilolezo choyenera kuukadaulo waukadaulo.
6, fyuluta yamafuta imatsekedwa: mafuta akatsekedwa chifukwa cha fyuluta ndipo sangathe kuyenda, valavu yotetezera yomwe ili pamunsi pa fyuluta imatsegulidwa, mafuta sangasefedwe ndikulowera mumsewu waukulu wamafuta.
Ngati kutsegukira kwa valve yachitetezo kumasinthidwa kwambiri, fyuluta ikatsekedwa, sikungatsegulidwe nthawi yake, kotero kuti kupanikizika kwa pampu yamafuta kumawonjezeka, kutulutsa kwamkati kumawonjezeka, kutulutsa mafuta kwa gawo lalikulu la mafuta. amachepetsa mofanana, kuchititsa kuti mafuta azitsika.
Sinthani moyenera kuthamanga kotsegulira kwa valve yotetezera (nthawi zambiri 0.35-0.45Mpa);
Nthawi yake m'malo kasupe wa valavu chitetezo kapena mating pamwamba pa akupera zitsulo mpira ndi mpando kubwezeretsa ntchito yake yachibadwa ntchito.
7. Kuwonongeka kapena kulephera kwa valve yobwereranso mafuta: Kuti mukhalebe ndi mphamvu ya mafuta mumsewu waukulu wa mafuta, valve yobwezeretsa mafuta imaperekedwa apa.
Ngati kasupe wa valavu yobwerera mafuta akutopa ndikufewetsa kapena kusinthidwa molakwika, malo okhala pampando wa valavu ndi mpira wachitsulo amavalidwa kapena kumamatira ndi dothi ndikutsekedwa momasuka, kuchuluka kwa mafuta obwerera kudzawonjezeka kwambiri, ndipo kuthamanga kwamafuta kumawonjezeka kwambiri. mafuta amathanso kuchepa.
Valve yobwezeretsa mafuta iyenera kukonzedwa ndipo kuthamanga kwake koyambira kusinthidwa pakati pa 0.28-0.32Mpa.
8, radiator yamafuta kapena kutayikira kwamafuta amapaipi: kutayikira kwamafuta ndi injini yakuda, ndipo kumapangitsa kuti kutsika kwamafuta kugwe.
Ngati payipi yatsekedwa ndi dothi, imachepetsanso kutuluka kwa mafuta chifukwa cha kukana kwakukulu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mphamvu ya mafuta ikhale yochepa.
Rediyeta iyenera kuchotsedwa, kuwotcherera kapena kusinthidwa, ndipo itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pambuyo poyesa kukakamiza; Chotsani dothi la chitoliro.
9, kulephera kwa geji yoyezera kapena kutsekeka kwa chitoliro chamafuta: ngati chiwongola dzanja chikulephera, kapena kuchokera panjira yayikulu yamafuta kupita ku chitoliro chamafuta choyezera chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa dothi komanso kutuluka kwake sikuli bwino, kuthamanga kwamafuta kumatsika.
Injini ikamathamanga pang'onopang'ono, masulani pang'onopang'ono cholumikizira cha chubu, dziwani malo olakwika malinga ndi momwe mafuta amayendera, ndiyeno tsukani chubu kapena m'malo mwake choyezera kuthamanga.
10. Pani yoyamwa mafuta imatsekedwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti cholozera cha pressure gauge kukwera ndi kugwa.
Nthawi zambiri, mtengo wamagetsi amafuta uyenera kukhala wokwera kwambiri kuposa waung'ono, koma nthawi zina pamakhala zovuta.
Ngati mafuta ali akuda kwambiri komanso akumata, ndikosavuta kutsekereza poto yoyamwa mafuta.Pamene injini ikuyenda pa liwiro lotsika, chifukwa kuyamwa kwa mafuta a pampu ya mafuta sikuli kwakukulu, njira yaikulu ya mafuta imatha kukhazikitsa kupanikizika kwina, kotero kuthamanga kwa mafuta kumakhala koyenera;
Koma pamene accelerator ikugwiritsidwa ntchito mofulumira kwambiri, kuyamwa kwa mafuta a pampu ya mafuta kudzachepetsedwa kwambiri chifukwa cha kukana kwakukulu kwa sucker, kotero mtengo wa chizindikiro cha kuthamanga kwa mafuta umachepa chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa mafuta m'mafuta akuluakulu. ndime.Pani mafuta ayenera kutsukidwa kapena kusintha mafuta.
11, mtundu wamafuta ndi wolakwika kapena mtundu wake ndi wosayenerera: mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya injini iyenera kuwonjezera mafuta osiyanasiyana, mtundu womwewo munyengo zosiyanasiyana uyeneranso kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamafuta.
Ngati cholakwika kapena chizindikiro cholakwika, injini adzathamanga chifukwa mafuta mamasukidwe akayendedwe otsika kwambiri ndi kuonjezera kutayikira, kotero kuti kuthamanga mafuta yafupika.
Mafuta ayenera kusankhidwa moyenera, Ndipo ndi kusintha kwa nyengo kapena madera osiyanasiyana kusankha mafuta moyenera.
Pa nthawi yomweyi, injini za dizilo ziyenera kukhala mafuta a dizilo, osati mafuta a petulo.
Nthawi yotumiza: Apr-23-2023